文化大理>大理文化>民风民俗>服饰
<p><br></p><div align="center"><b>白族服饰</b></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>白族主要聚居在以洱海为中心的大理州境内,丽江、保山、楚雄、昆明、玉溪、怒江及四川的西昌、贵州的毕节和湖南的桑植等地也有零星分布,总人口约</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">180</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>多万。白族是一个历史悠久、文化灿烂的民族,曾创造了丰厚的历史文化和民族文化,在中国民族文化发展史上写下了辉煌的一页,服饰文化就是其中之一。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>白族服饰的种类繁多,有生活装、节日装、老年装、中年装、青年装、童装等。由于大理地处横断山区,地形、气候较为复杂,加之受自然环境和生活地域的制约,各地的服饰穿戴也有所区别,暂且把他们分为山区、坝区和洱滨区的白族服饰。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"></p><span lang="EN-US"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><!--?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /--></p><o:p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"></p><font face="Times New Roman"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"> </p><p align="center"><img align="center" src="http://www.dali.gov.cn/image20010518/21347.jpg" border="0" vspace="1" hspace="3"></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><strong>大理白族服饰</strong></span></p><p align="center"><img align="center" src="http://www.dali.gov.cn/image20010518/21348.jpg" border="0" vspace="1" hspace="3"></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><strong>白族男子头饰</strong></span></p></font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"></p></o:p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"></p></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><strong>以大理市为主要代表的洱滨区白族服饰。</strong>如周城、喜洲、挖色等白族服饰,他们世代伴水而居,生活环境十分优越,服饰给人一种清新明快的感觉。在很大程度上折射出这种环境的优越性,周城村白族男服饰过去的穿着较为复杂,缠白布包头,上衣穿立领对襟布纽衣,俗称“三滴水”,最里的一件穿白色、中间一件穿蓝色、最外一件穿黑色或是藏青色的外衣,三件衣服都是敞开着,露出内穿的兜肚,外穿一件麂皮或山羊皮的领褂,下穿白或蓝色大裆裤,脚穿布底剪口鞋。肩挂绣花挂包。而现在的男装基本与汉族相同,平时需要穿戴的民族服装也是改良过较为简洁的男装,只有在重大节日的时候才能看到传统的着装风采。而女装的穿戴至今还保持得较为完整,以白、蓝两色为主,沿承了白族崇尚白色的传统特点,上身穿白色紧袖裳,外套红或蓝色右衽领褂,在领褂的纽扣上挂三须或五须银链,银链上缀挂件,有银质的针筒、鱼、牙签、耳勺。手戴金、银或玉手镯、戒指。耳戴金、银耳坠。手袖上套滚边的大袖小袖,并在袖上镶各式花边。腰系绣花短围裙或系净白色底外镶一圈黑色边的素面短围腰。下穿白或蓝色滚边长裤,裤腿边镶宽窄花边,花边上面绣各类花卉图案。脚穿绣花尖鞋,又名“白姐鞋”(“柏姐鞋”),鞋面为红、粉、绿、黑等色,绣有艳丽的花纹。头饰和过去的头饰相比较从美术的角度上看要美得多,特别是姑娘的头饰,过去传统头饰一般喜戴鱼尾帽,还有我们在电影《五朵金花》中所看到过的姑娘头饰,而今姑娘的头饰让人一看就联想到大理的“风花雪月”四大美景。头戴色彩鲜艳的绣花头巾,绣花头帕上端精心梳理出茂密雪白的绒毛,形象的表现了苍山顶上的皑皑白雪,将发辫盘绣花头帕外,缠以大红绒线,形如满月,一侧垂下雪白的缨穗飘飘洒洒,象征着终年吹拂的下关风。整套服饰在很大程度上折射出这种环境的优越性,如色彩搭配对比鲜明,简洁明快,挑花精美,毫无细碎之感,装饰繁而不俗等。</span></p><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><p align="center"><img align="center" src="http://www.dali.gov.cn/image20010518/21349.jpg" border="0" vspace="1" hspace="3"></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><strong>大理海东挖色服饰</strong></span></p><p align="center"><img align="center" src="http://www.dali.gov.cn/image20010518/21353.jpg" border="0" vspace="1" hspace="3"></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><strong>大理青山成年礼上的白族少女头饰</strong></span></p></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><strong>以洱源、剑川、鹤庆为主要代表的坝区白族服饰。</strong>生活在坝区的他们,主要以农耕为主,其服饰色彩以冷色调为主,除了领褂色彩为红、蓝色较为鲜艳外,服饰的特点主要表现在袖口、裤腿边的装饰。如剑川三河白族少女服,是一套多元文化合壁的典型服饰,剑川三河白族少女服饰,头戴用多层布将发辫包住后扎成兔子耳朵形状的包头,然后在多层布的头巾外缠玫瑰红的毛线将头巾缠住。上身穿以淡蓝色和紅色达配为主色的衣服</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>内穿淡蓝色右祍长袖衣</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>衣襟前短</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>后长至臀部以下</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>衣袖上用黑色布料作两圈袖箍,近袖口处在用深蓝色的布料作一道袖箍,袖口为淡蓝色;外套紅色右祍领褂,领褂前短</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>后长至臀部</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>领口及祍边用黑色金绒滚边,右衽大襟上挂三块挑花方巾和绣花方巾,腰系黑色围腰,围腰下摆用蓝色镶边,围腰两边用淡蓝色的布料作装饰,在腰上系两条扁矛形挑花飘带,一条为蓝色,另一条为黑色,腰前系蓝色挑花的飘带,腰后系黑色挑花的飘带,最后在腰上系<!--?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /--><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" tcsc="1" numbertype="3" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="2" unitname="米">两米</st1:chmetcnv>长的蓝色布带一条</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>下身穿灰色或黑色的长裤。背披白色七星羊皮褂。脚穿用布条自编前有绣球的凉鞋或是胶底绣花鞋。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>还有饰繁多彩的鹤庆甸南新娘服,具有宫廷的韵味。甸南新娘的服饰主要由帽、上衣、裤子、围腰、方巾、扎脚带和绣花鞋、首饰等部分构成。新娘帽在整套新娘装中最具有特色,面料可用金丝绒、黑色丝绒或灯芯绒制作,帽顶呈圆形平顶,由帽口和平顶两部份组成,然后再把上下两层相连为一体,上下两层用篾环作衬,上层扁平,下层皱有</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">60</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>道褶,帽口边用两道黑辫子镶嵌,帽檐直径为</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">30</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>厘米,帽口直径为</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">l5</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>厘米,在帽檐下层的皱褶上靠边檐处镶嵌着一朵直径为</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">7</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>厘米大的葵花饰物作装饰。葵花的装饰一般由黄、红、绿色亮片和琉璃泡片组成四个层次,花的中心为黄色,依次是红色、緑色和亮片琉璃泡片,帽檐皱褶上的“花”主要作用是在戴帽时亦用来辩认方位,有“花”的一方在左边。因为新娘所戴的帽呈扁平形,帽口的直径仅有</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">l5</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>厘米,所以新娘子在戴帽时必须先在后脑勺紧束一发髻,然后将帽戴在其上,再用长衣针固定。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>新娘的上衣由衬衣、长衣、坎肩三部份所组成。穿佑衽白色长衬衣,衣襟前短后长,领口绣花并用黑布条滚边,衬衣的袖口处是用五色花边叠接制作而成,最具特色;外穿的长衣面料一般用粉红、桃红、大红或黑色丝绸制作</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>坎肩的颜色红、黑搭配</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>,长衣前襟下摆齐大腿中部,如同男子穿的长衫一样,长衣袖比衫衣袖短</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">l5</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>厘米,袖口宽</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">24</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>厘米。在长衣袖外再另加长</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">22</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>厘米、宽</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">25</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>厘米的袖套,在袖套上面依次镶多道花边,先是一道</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>厘米宽的花边,然后是五道</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">0</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>.</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">6</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>厘米宽的花边,在是一道</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">l.5</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>厘米宽的花边,最后是四道</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">0.4</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>厘米宽的花边。在花边外绣有艳丽的牡丹花,菊花和风凰等图案,多道花边要等穿的时候才用针线把它串在长衣的袖上,使长衣的袖口处露出</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>-</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>厘米,形成鲜明的层次感,穿在身上艳丽华贵。外穿佑衽立领坎肩,坎肩肩窝特别大,足有</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">35</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>厘米。</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>坎肩的面料一般用红或黑色金绒制作</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>,上面有的绣金色花纹图案,钮扣是空心圆形用银制做而成。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>新娘裤一般穿用黑色面料制作的宽腰大裆裤,待裤子穿好后,在裤腿的下口</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">8</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>-</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">10</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>厘米处用扎脚带将裤腿束紧。系黑色围腰,围腰长而大,全长</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">72</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>厘米,上口宽</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">72</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>厘米,下口宽</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">96</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>厘米,左右两侧各镶宽</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">l4</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>厘米直条绿色丝绸边,围腰把手为双层,长</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">35</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>厘米,宽</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>厘米,用红色面料制作;围腰带长</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">58</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>厘米,宽</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">3.5</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>厘米,选用碎花面料制作,围腰在腰间系好后自然展平,围腰带不紧束。然后在围腰的左上部系一块绣花方巾,方巾用粉红色丝绸料制作,边长</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">43</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>厘米,四周用长</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">8</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>-</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">10</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>厘米的翠绿绦须镶边,然后对角叠成三角形状,别在围腰左上部,起装饰作用。</span></p><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><p align="center"><img align="center" src="http://www.dali.gov.cn/image20010518/21355.jpg" border="0" vspace="1" hspace="3"></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><strong>剑川白族服饰</strong></span></p></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>新娘鞋在整套新娘服中较为讲究,别具一格。鞋的面料用桃红色绸缎制作,首先在鞋面先用桃红色的绸缎布料镶一圈,然后在鞋面的两侧分别绣花边,在鞋后跟上部缀有一片形如杏叶状的鞋叶,在鞋叶上绣</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>如意”图案,鞋底一般用三层牛皮制作,鞋似“船”形,俗称“船形绣花鞋”。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>新娘的首饰主要由耳环、银镯、针筒银链和戒指等构成,其中银质手镯和针筒银链大都出自本地工匠之手。主要是因为在鹤庆以北的新华村早就是闻明世界的制银之乡,银手镯一般分为“细丝”、“粗丝”和“粗夹细”三种。细丝就是用较细的银丝</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>直径</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">0.1</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>厘米</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>制做成直径为</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">l.5</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>厘米的绳状手镯;粗丝则用</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">0.2</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>厘米银丝做成;粗夹细是用上述两种银丝混合制做而成的。银手镯式样的选择取决于新娘的喜欢。而针筒银链长</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">40</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>厘米,它是由</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">l2</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>条银链排列组合,在银链的中段有</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>石锁</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">”</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>状的饰物连接下部,银链下端缀有栩栩如生的十二生肖属相,针筒银链挂在胸的左前侧,但也有挂红色或绿色方巾的,即实用,又能起装饰作用。耳环、戒指和玉镯等其它饰件一般由自己准备,但也有亲友赠送的或是由婆家送的。整套服饰有容华贵,明快之中显素雅,绣艳之中见端庄。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><strong>以太邑、云龙、洱源为主要代表的山区白族服饰。</strong>他们生活在山区,对山区自然条件生存依赖性较强,如太邑白族妇女服饰,妇女的头饰较为简单,整个包头用一块一丈二尺长的黑布在头上缠绕成筒状,然后在呈筒状的黑色包头正前端镶一个用黑色硬布制作的三角形饰物作帽正,三角形饰物上钉满小银泡,并在顶端镶一颗红色流璃珠作点缀,整顶头饰尽显简朴之美。从头饰的特征来看,其受彝族文化影响较深,在色彩和质地上与坝区白族头饰有很大的区别,山区白族头饰厚重,坝区白族头饰轻盈而飘逸。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>着么白族妇女服饰,内穿蓝色的右衽圆领长大襟衣,衣襟前短,后长至臀部以下,衣领口及衽部用黑布镶成流畅的两个弧形,衣袖由上宽、下窄两部份构成。上半部份用</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">12</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>道不同彩色的花边和布料组成:第一道用一条约</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">8</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>公分宽的黑布在大衣袖上滚一圈;第二道在黑布的上端用粉红色豆芽形边压一圈;第三道是一条彩色花边在黑色布底中间滚一圈;第四道是用黄底粉红色据齿边压一圈;第五道用细条黑布平镶一圈;第六道用浅粉色的布条镶一圈篱笆纹;第七道用黑布条平镶一圈;第八道用玫红色的布滚一圈水波纹;第九道用黑色系布条平镶一圈;第十道用粉红色的布条镶一圈藤条纹;第十一道在用黑色宽布条平镶一圈;然后在黑布条上用粉色、绿色和黄色的细花边滚压一圈,最后一道是用红花绿边的彩色花边镶一圈构成了上半部宽大的花衣袖。接着是下半部份窄衣袖用大红色的布缝制,同样是在大红色的窄衣袖上依次用不同颜色的十五道花边组成。首先用黄色的细线条镶一圈;第二道是用黑色的粗线条镶一圈鱼尾纹;第三道用黑色线条平镶一圈;第四道在粉红色窄衣袖上用绿色的线条镶一圈相互连接的蝴蝶纹饰;第五道用黑色的细线条平镶一圈;第六道是用黄色粗线条镶一圈鱼尾纹;第七道是用黑色的细线条平镶一圈;第八道是用一条</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">8</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>公分宽的黑布滚一圈;第九道是在黑布的上端镶一圈浅黄色的豆芽形边;第十道是用一条彩色的花边在黑布中间滚一圈;第十一道是在黑布的下端镶一圈玫红色的细边,然后在玫红色的细边上锁绿色的边;第十二道是用宽约</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">15</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>公分的黄色布料镶一圈;第十三道是用大红色的线绣一圈藤条纹;第十四道在用大红色的线绣一圈菱形方格纹,然后在菱形方格纹中间用緑色和红色的线套绣花草纹;第十五道用大红色的线绣一圈回纹;袖口处用红、黄、緑、黑和粉红色的线交叉锁满整个窄衣袖口,最后把上宽下窄的衣袖相连,形成完整的花衣袖。外穿深蓝色翻白领右衽短领褂,白翻领上镶嵌着多道花边,在领褂的右衽部上用黑色的布料镶嵌着流畅的两个弧形,然后顺弧形分别用粉色、白色和黑色的细线条滚压作装饰,领褂的裉边同样用黑色的宽布料滚一圈,并用红色和白色的细线条在黑色宽布料上在各平压一圈作装饰,使领褂的立体感更强。</span></p><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><p align="center"><img align="center" src="http://www.dali.gov.cn/image20010518/21356.jpg" border="0" vspace="1" hspace="3"></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><strong>剑川白族服饰</strong></span></p></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>中间系梯形绣花围腰,由三个部份组成。围腰中间部份为黑色素面,围腰两端是对称的两条浅绿色布,在对称的浅绿色布上绣花卉、石榴、桃、蝴蝶和喜鹊图案,然后用粉红色豆芽形边沿浅绿色布滚一圈,接着在用彩色的花边滚一圈;下摆中间绣花卉、藤条纹、卷云纹、水波纹和蝴蝶,在绣花的上端镶一条约</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">5</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>公分的彩色花边,两边分别用粉色细花边和白色的狗牙边镶嵌,最后在下摆边上镶嵌一排鲜艳夺目的红花绿叶图案。蓝色围腰带和緑底绣红花的飘带垂于腰后,被后在背一块白色团毡。(白色团毡属于彝族服饰中的重要组成部份,是用来避邪之物)。下穿緑色宽腿大裆裤,脚穿船形绣花鞋。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>从整套太邑者么白族妇女服饰特征上看,是融合彝族服饰喜蓝尚黑、色彩对比强烈的文化特点,又从服饰的每一道图案、纹饰来看,深受彝族远古图腾崇拜的影响,原因是彝族人民世代居住在高山密林中生活,带刺的枝条,有毒的树枝,还有各种各样的藤条荆刺;常常给他们的行走和生活带来困难,所以这些藤条荆刺对他们来说简直成了不可抗御的神灵之物,于是产生“以物降物”的意思,模仿藤条荆刺的形状在衣服易损的部位绣上藤条纹饰,其意思是说:你那么厉害的来伤害我,我也用同样厉害的藤条荆刺对付你,这在精神上是一种力量,客观上是所绣衣纹除了美观之外,更主要的是为了加固衣服的牢实程度,更显得服饰整体和谐及统一的美感,这就是融合了彝族服饰文化的内涵而形成独自风格的山地者么白族服饰,同时也是山区白族服饰中较为典型的代表之一。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>云龙山区白族少女服,头戴黑色菱形大包头,在菱形大包头的右顶端插一束花,右侧留出宽</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">5</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>公分长至腰间的串珠飘带,左边垂下黄色的串珠和洋红色的缨须。内穿红色绣花长袖衣,外穿右衽黑色金绒衣,衽部绣花并用洋红、白色线条装饰,衣袖口处绣菊花,腰系黑色宽长大围腰,围腰的下摆绣大朵的牡丹花和美丽的山茶花,围腰两侧绣镶对称的两只凤凰鸟,腰间在系一条红色绣花飘带,下身穿黑色长裤,库脚边绣花卉,脚穿胶底绣花鞋一双,背披白色羊皮褂。整套服饰简洁大方,色彩浓厚,对比鲜明,反应出他们对自然环境的深厚情感。</span></p>
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